The Spanish words for "sixth bass" are Bajo Sextos. It is the name for a special type of musical instrument popular in a relatively small geographical area. The twelve string guitar is a strong component of musical groups formed and prevalent in the area of northern Mexico and southern Texas. It comes in both acoustic and electric forms.
The tuning of the bajo begins with the lowest string and goes to the highest string. There are six double courses of strings, twelve in all. The notes are E, A, D, G, C and F, respectively.
From the mid 1950s northern Mexican music has been listened to and enjoyed by Mexicans and Anglos alike. The music goes by several different names, musica mexicana-tejana and conjunto are the most common. The music genre is also known as Tex-Mex, but this is not totally accurate, since the nortena music predated conjunto.
Conjunto ensembles use the bajo to provide the low and rhythmic base line for the music. It enhances the musical line performed by the other instruments. The instrument also is used to carry the chord changes. The instrument is used to enhance other musical groups, but it is best known in the musical genre of nortena and conjunto.
Because the music is found in a relatively limited geographical area, there is not as much demand for this instrument as some of the other stringed instruments. The available inventory includes beautiful and carefully crafted instruments in several different types of wood. The back of some of the quality designs include cedar, mahogany or Indian rosewood. The tops are constructed of cedar. The fingerboard and bridge is made of rosewood. Other more exotic woods are also used in some instruments.
The finish of the instruments is beautiful. The thickness of such instruments might vary somewhat, so the player can choose the instrument that is most comfortable. Many of such specialized guitars are finished with a decorative motif. Handcrafting is an art for those who create the instruments. Those bajos are highly prized.
For members of a nortena or conjunto musical group, the sound of the bajo sextos is required. Serious performances have sound and style that is unique. The rhythm and melody enhances the sound of the group.
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